Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Gel for Controlled Topical Delivery of Ketoprofen

Registration ID: IJNRD_328978

Published ID: IJNRD2610126

: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v11i10.328978

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Kirankumar R, Sahana S, Rama Bukka, Shachindra L Nargund, Nidhi Malviya

Ketoprofen; Solid-lipid nanoparticle; Topical gel; Homogenization, Box-Behenken design.

Background and Objective: Ketoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the management of pain and inflammation. Conventional topical formulations may have limitations in providing controlled drug release at the site of application. The present study aimed to develop and optimize ketoprofen-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (K-SLNs) and incorporate the optimized nanoparticles into a topical gel to achieve controlled drug delivery. Methods: K-SLNs were prepared by modified high-speed homogenization followed by ultrasonication using glycerol monostearate, Span 60, and Tween 80. A three-factor, three-level Box–Behnken design was employed to optimize the formulation based on particle size and entrapment efficiency. The optimized K-SLNs were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, drug loading, morphology, drug–excipient compatibility, and in vitro drug release. The optimized nanoparticles were incorporated into a Carbopol 934/HPMC K100M gel and evaluated for physicochemical properties, in vitro drug diffusion, release kinetics, and short-term stability. Results: The optimized K-SLN showed a particle size of 152.6 nm, PDI of 0.262, entrapment efficiency of 90.16%, zeta potential of −30.3 mV, and drug loading of 14.91%. The formulation exhibited gradual drug release with diffusion-associated behaviour. The optimized K-SLN gel showed suitable topical properties, with a pH of 5.74, viscosity of 12,121 cP, and spreadability of 8.29 mm². Compared with plain and marketed ketoprofen gels, the nanoparticle gel demonstrated slower drug diffusion and the closest fit to zero-order kinetics. Conclusion: The developed K-SLN gel exhibited favourable physicochemical characteristics and controlled drug release, indicating its potential as a promising topical delivery system for ketoprofen.

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Kirankumar R, Sahana S, Rama Bukka, Shachindra L Nargund, & Nidhi Malviya (October-2026). Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Gel for Controlled Topical Delivery of Ketoprofen. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 11(10), b226-b245. https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v11i10.328978

Volume 11 Issue 10, October-2026

Pages : b226-b245

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_328978

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2610126

Research Area: Pharmacy All

Author Type: Indian Author

Country: Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2610126.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2610126

Crossref DOI: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v11i10.328978

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

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