Paper Title
A REVIEW OF TOBACCO CONSUMPTION DURING PREGNANCY AND ITS IMPACT ON CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Article Identifiers
Authors
Ishita Nath
Keywords
Tobacco, Pregnancy, Childhood, Miscarriage, Stillbirth, Ectopic Pregnancy, Placenta Abruption, Placenta Previa, Preterm birth, Low birth Weight.
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Tobacco use is the major public health problem and foremost preventable cause of mortality and morbidity in the world today. While overall prevalence of global tobacco use among men is declining slowly, the use of tobacco among women is increasing rapidly. Globally, 52•9% of women who smoked daily continued to smoke daily during pregnancy. Tobacco prevalence is the highest in North-East India (22.8%) and lowest in South India (0.5%), higher for rural women (5.4%) than for urban women (2.8%), and decreases with increasing education level. The prevalence is highest for women with no education (9.7%) and lowest for those with high education level (0.4%). The prevalence is higher for Christian (12.3%) and Muslim (5.7%) women than for Hindu women (4.3%). Similarly, the prevalence of tobacco use is higher for women of scheduled tribe (13.2%) than for women of all other castes. Smoking can prevent women from getting pregnant in the first place. Even in the first trimester smoking affects the health of the unborn baby. According to the CDC, smoking raises the likelihood of both early miscarriage and stillbirth. Smoking during pregnancy may be responsible for 15% of all preterm births and a 15% increase in overall perinatal mortality. The relation between smoking and ectopic pregnancy might be causal, with a highly significant adjusted odds ratio of 2.5 or more for women who smoke more than 20 cigarettes a day. Smoking during pregnancy can cause low birth weight and it has also an evidence of effect in cognitive development of the child. Early child development has major impacts on future human capital and health. In sum, the scientific evidence suggests that smoking during pregnancy is associated with a number of adverse effects on the growth, cognitive development and behaviour of exposed offspring.
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How To Cite (APA)
Ishita Nath (April-2023). A REVIEW OF TOBACCO CONSUMPTION DURING PREGNANCY AND ITS IMPACT ON CHILD DEVELOPMENT. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 8(4), b539-b454. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2304164.pdf
Issue
Volume 8 Issue 4, April-2023
Pages : b539-b454
Other Publication Details
Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_190613
Published Paper Id: IJNRD2304164
Downloads: 000121983
Research Area: Medical Science
Country: Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2304164.pdf
Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2304164
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Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)
ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016
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