Paper Title
Comparative Effectiveness of Mulligan Mobilization with Movement Combined with Quadriceps Exercises Versus Shortwave Diathermy Combined with Quadriceps Exercises in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pre–Post Experimental Study
Article Identifiers
Registration ID: IJNRD_328701
Published ID: IJNRD2610003
: Click Here to Get
About Hard Copy and Transparent Peer Review Report
Keywords
Keywords: knee osteoarthritis; Mulligan Mobilization with Movement; shortwave diathermy; quadriceps exercise; pain; WOMAC; physiotherapy.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common musculoskeletal condition characterized by pain, stiffness and impaired physical function. Physiotherapy management commonly incorporates therapeutic exercise and physical or manual therapy interventions. Mulligan Mobilization with Movement (MWM) has been proposed as a technique for reducing pain and facilitating functional movement, whereas shortwave diathermy (SWD) is used as a therapeutic heating modality for symptomatic management. Objective To compare the effects of Mulligan Mobilization with Movement combined with quadriceps exercises and shortwave diathermy combined with quadriceps exercises on pain and knee function in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. Methods A pre-test/post-test comparative experimental study was conducted in the physiotherapy outpatient department of Career Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal. Twenty medically diagnosed participants with unilateral early knee osteoarthritis who fulfilled the study eligibility criteria were included through consecutive sampling and allocated into two groups of 10 participants each. Group A received Mulligan Rotation Mobilization with Movement combined with quadriceps exercises, whereas Group B received shortwave diathermy combined with quadriceps exercises. Pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and knee-related symptoms and function were assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Pre-intervention and post-intervention scores were compared using paired and unpaired t-tests as reported in the original dissertation. Results Both groups demonstrated statistically significant pre- to post-intervention improvements in pain and knee function. In Group A, the mean VAS score decreased from 7.2 to 2.4, while in Group B it decreased from 6.9 to 4.1. The reported paired t-values were 17.20 and 12.64, respectively. WOMAC scores decreased from 60.0 to 18.9 in Group A and from 55.9 to 35.1 in Group B, with reported paired t-values of 11.62 and 7.87, respectively. Between-group analysis of change scores demonstrated statistically significant differences for pain (t = 5.525) and knee function (t = 6.331). Conclusion Within the limitations of the small sample and short intervention period, both treatment approaches were associated with improvements in pain and knee function. The reported between-group findings favored the Mulligan MWM plus quadriceps exercise intervention over shortwave diathermy plus quadriceps exercise for the measured outcomes. Larger, adequately powered controlled trials with standardized intervention protocols and longer follow-up are required to confirm these findings. Keywords: knee osteoarthritis; Mulligan Mobilization with Movement; shortwave diathermy; quadriceps exercise; pain; WOMAC; physiotherapy.
Downloads
How To Cite (APA)
Dr KALPANA JAIN, Dr. Namrata Srivastava, Dr. Gunjan Shukla, & Dr. Kartik Chhonker (October-2026). Comparative Effectiveness of Mulligan Mobilization with Movement Combined with Quadriceps Exercises Versus Shortwave Diathermy Combined with Quadriceps Exercises in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pre–Post Experimental Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 11(10), a22-a32. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2610003.pdf
Issue
Volume 11 Issue 10, October-2026
Pages : a22-a32
Other Publication Details
Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_328701
Published Paper Id: IJNRD2610003
Research Area: Social Science All
Author Type: Indian Author
Country: Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2610003.pdf
Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2610003
About Publisher
Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)
UGC CARE JOURNAL PUBLICATION | ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International UGC CARE JOURNAL PUBLICATION, Low Cost, Scholarly Open Access, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publisher: IJNRD (IJ Publication) Janvi Wave | IJNRD.ORG | IJNRD.COM | IJPUB.ORG
Copyright & License
© 2026 - Authors hold the copyright of this article. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. and The Open Definition.
This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).
🛡️ Disclaimer: The content, data, and findings in this article are based on the authors’ research and have been peer-reviewed for academic purposes only. Readers are advised to verify all information before practical or commercial use.
The journal and its editorial board are not liable for any errors, losses, or consequences arising from its use.
Publication Timeline
Article Preview: View Full Paper
Call For Paper
IJNRD is a Scholarly Open Access, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, and UGC CARE Journal Publication with a High Impact Factor of 8.76 (calculated by Google Scholar & Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool). It is a Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Low-Cost, and Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication that adheres to the New UGC CARE Transparent Peer-Reviewed Journal Policy and aligns with Scopus Journal Publication standards to ensure the highest level of research quality and credibility.
IJNRD offers comprehensive Journal Publication Services including indexing in all major databases and metadata repositories, Digital Object Identifier (Crossref DOI) assignment for each published article with additional fees, citation generation tools, and full Open Access visibility to enhance global research reach and citation impact.
The INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJNRD) aims to advance applied, theoretical, and experimental research across diverse academic and professional fields. The journal promotes global knowledge exchange among researchers, developers, academicians, engineers, and practitioners, serving as a trusted platform for innovative, peer-reviewed journal publication and scientific collaboration.
Indexing Coverage: Google Scholar, SSRN, ResearcherID-Publons, Semantic Scholar (AI-Powered Research Tool), Microsoft Academic, Academia.edu, arXiv.org, ResearchGate, CiteSeerX, ResearcherID (Thomson Reuters), Mendeley, DocStoc, ISSUU, Scribd, and many other recognized academic repositories.
Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication: IJNRD operates a strict double-blind peer review system managed by 3000+ expert reviewers, ensuring ethical, unbiased, and high-quality review for every research paper.
For Indian Authors : Get a transparent peer review report from Scholar9.com for just ₹1000. View Sample Report
For Foreign Authors : A detailed peer review report is available through Scholar9.com for $20 USD. View Sample Report
Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication
⭐ Transparent Peer Review | 🕵️♂️ Double-Blind | 👨🏫 3000+ Expert Reviewers | 🇮🇳 Report for India Author ₹1000 | 🌐 Report for Foreign Author $20 | 📄 Sample Reports on Scholar9.com | 🌍 High Credibility | ⚖️ Ethical & Unbiased Evaluation
How to submit the paper?
By Our website
Click Here to Submit Paper Online
Recently, the UGC discontinued the UGC-CARE Journal List and introduced new parameters that allow publication in Transparent Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journals. IJNRD is Transparent Peer Review Journal Valid As per New UGC Notification.
You can now publish your research paper in IJNRD.ORG. IJNRD is a Transparent Peer-Reviewed Open Access (Refereed Journal), UGC and UGC CARE Approved, Crossref DOI, Multidisciplinary, Impact Factor calculate by Google Scholar. As an International, open-access, and online journal, Publishing with us ensures wider reach, academic credibility, and enhanced recognition for your work.
For more details, refer to the official notice: UGC Public Notice
⭐ Low Cost ₹1570 | 📚 UGC CARE Approved | 🔍 Peer-Reviewed | 🌐 Open Access | 🔗 Crossref DOI & Global Indexing | 📊 Google Scholar Impact Factor | 🧪 Multidisciplinary
Submit Paper Online Call for Paper About IJNRD UGC CARE Approval
Important Dates for Current issue
Paper Submission Open For: October 2026
Current Issue: Volume 11 | Issue 10 | October 2026
Impact Factor: 8.76
Last Date for Paper Submission: Till 31-Oct-2026
Notification of Review Result: Transparent peer review process - your paper is evaluated by experts, and you receive acceptance or rejection updates via email and SMS.
Publication of Paper: Once all documents are submitted, your paper is published without delay, and you can instantly download your certificate and confirmation letter online.
Frequency: Monthly (12 issue Annually).
Journal Type: IJNRD is an international open-access journal offering Low Cost Journal Publication, transparent Peer Review Journal Publication, Crossref DOI, and multidisciplinary research visibility under UGC CARE Approved Journal Publication.
Subject Category: Research Area
Approval, Licenses and Indexing: More Details
Call For Paper - Volume 11 | Issue 10 | October 2026
IJNRD.org offers low-cost journal publication starting at ₹1570 with UGC CARE Approved, refereed, peer-reviewed, open-access publishing. This multidisciplinary monthly journal, available in both online and print formats, features a strong Google Scholar-based impact factor of 8.76, Transparent Peer Review, CrossRef DOI, global indexing, fast publication, and complete metadata for maximum research visibility and citation impact across multidisciplinary domains.
Volume 11 | Issue 10 | October 2026 | IJNRD Transparent Peer Review Certificate | Submit Paper Online
⭐ UGC CARE Approved Refereed Journal | 🔍 Transparent Peer Review | 🌐 Open Access Publishing | 💰 Low-Cost ₹1570 | 🔗 CrossRef DOI & Global Indexing | 📊 Google Scholar Impact Factor 8.76 | 🧪 Multidisciplinary | Online & Print
Submit Paper Online
