जागरण से राष्ट्र तक: उन्नीसवीं सदी के सामाजिक-धार्मिक सुधार आन्दोलन और भारतीय राष्ट्रवाद की नींव (From Awakening to Nation: Socio-Religious Reform Movements of the Nineteenth Century and the Foundations of Indian Nationalism)

Registration ID: IJNRD_328041

Published ID: IJNRD2608306

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Jayant kumar kannaujiya, Dr. Asha Rani

भारतीय नवजागरण, सामाजिक-धार्मिक सुधार, ब्रह्म समाज, आर्य समाज, रामकृष्ण मिशन, प्रार्थना समाज, राष्ट्रवाद, उन्नीसवीं शताब्दी (Indian renaissance; socio-religious reform; Brahmo Samaj; Arya Samaj; Ramakrishna Mission; Prarthana Samaj; nationalism; nineteenth century)

उन्नीसवीं शताब्दी का भारत सामाजिक, धार्मिक और बौद्धिक उथल-पुथल के दौर से गुज़र रहा था। सती प्रथा, बाल-विवाह, जाति की संकीर्णता, अस्पृश्यता और पर्दा-प्रथा जैसी कुरीतियों ने समाज को जकड़ रखा था, और दूसरी ओर पाश्चात्य शिक्षा, मुद्रण, यातायात तथा वैज्ञानिक प्रगति ने एक नए शिक्षित वर्ग को जन्म दिया जो अपनी परम्परा और अपनी दुर्बलताओं, दोनों को नए सिरे से देख रहा था। यह शोध-आलेख उस प्रक्रिया का अध्ययन करता है जिसे सामान्यतः भारतीय नवजागरण कहा जाता है, और यह दिखाने का प्रयास करता है कि उन्नीसवीं सदी के सामाजिक-धार्मिक सुधार आन्दोलनों ने राष्ट्रवाद के उदय की पृष्ठभूमि किस प्रकार तैयार की। आलेख में नवजागरण के छह प्रमुख कारणों की पहचान की गई है, तत्पश्चात् बंगाल के ब्रह्म समाज, रामकृष्ण मिशन, तरुण बंगाल, विद्यासागर के प्रयास, पश्चिम भारत के प्रार्थना समाज और सत्यशोधक समाज, आर्य समाज, दक्षिण भारत के वेद समाज, थियोसोफिकल सोसाइटी तथा मुस्लिम और पारसी सुधार प्रयासों का क्रमवार विश्लेषण किया गया है। निष्कर्ष यह है कि ये आन्दोलन परस्पर भिन्न होते हुए भी एक साझा परिणाम तक पहुँचे: उन्होंने भारतीयों को अपने अतीत के प्रति आत्मविश्वास दिया और उन्हें एकता के सूत्र में बाँधा, जिसकी परिणति आगे चलकर राष्ट्रीय स्वतन्त्रता आन्दोलन के रूप में हुई। Nineteenth-century India passed through a period of social, religious and intellectual upheaval. Practices such as sati, child marriage, caste exclusion, untouchability and seclusion held society in place, while Western education, printing, new means of transport and scientific advance produced an educated class that began to examine both its own tradition and its own weaknesses afresh. This article studies the process commonly called the Indian renaissance and argues that the socio-religious reform movements of the nineteenth century prepared the ground for the rise of nationalism. Six principal causes of the awakening are identified, after which the article examines in sequence the Brahmo Samaj of Bengal, the Ramakrishna Mission, Young Bengal, the work of Vidyasagar, the Prarthana Samaj and Satyashodhak Samaj in western India, the Arya Samaj, the Veda Samaj of the south, the Theosophical Society, and reform efforts among Muslims and Parsis. The conclusion is that these movements, however different from one another, arrived at a shared outcome: they gave Indians confidence in their own past and bound them into a sense of unity that issued, in time, in the national freedom movement.

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Jayant kumar kannaujiya & Dr. Asha Rani (August-2026). जागरण से राष्ट्र तक: उन्नीसवीं सदी के सामाजिक-धार्मिक सुधार आन्दोलन और भारतीय राष्ट्रवाद की नींव (From Awakening to Nation: Socio-Religious Reform Movements of the Nineteenth Century and the Foundations of Indian Nationalism). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 11(8), d59-d66. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2608306.pdf

Volume 11 Issue 8, August-2026

Pages : d59-d66

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_328041

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2608306

Research Area: Humanities All

Author Type: Indian Author

Country: Near satguru dayal mandir, Near mukharjee nagar, India

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