AI in the Courtroom: The Admissibility of Cyber-Forensic Evidence in Narcotics Trials

Registration ID: IJNRD_322200

Published ID: IJNRD2603370

: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v11i3.322200

About Hard Copy and Transparent Peer Review Report

Nazia Shabbir

Artificial Intelligence, Cyber-Forensics, NDPS Act, Electronic Evidence, Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, Dark Web.

The high development of digital technologies has dramatically changed the quality of narcotics trafficking in the world. The illicit networks of drugs have started using encrypted communication platforms, social media, and the dark-web platforms that allow transactions and coordination across the borders anonymously. The developments have posed a big challenge to law-enforcement agencies because the use of conventional investigative techniques is usually not enough to identify and unravel technologically advanced networks of traffickers. As a result, law enforcement agencies have been implementing AI and other sophisticated cyber-forensic technologies more frequently to process large amounts of digital evidence and extract criminal behaviour patterns. Artificial intelligence allows researchers to analyze electronic evidence including emails, chat history, the record of transactions and geolocation information more effectively than traditional forensic tools. Nevertheless, the increasing use of AI-supported cyber-forensic analysis has become a source of major legal concerns about the admissibility, reliability, and transparency of such evidence in the criminal proceedings. In the Indian legal system, the admissibility of the electronic evidence has developed or rather changed through the judicial interpretation of the Indian Evidence Act, Section 65B, and the further enactment of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023. Although these legal changes have enhanced procedural protections of digital evidence, the growing application of algorithm analysis presents new difficulties of the evidence. This is of special concern in cases prosecuted under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 that sets forth rigid penalties and statutory presumptions on possession and culpable mental state. The given paper will discuss the admissibility of AI-assisted cyber-forensic evidence in the narcotics cases, analyze the changing statutory landscape, and suggest the legal changes that could help to establish a sense of transparency, reliability, and fairness involving the use of algorithmic evidence in the context of the criminal justice system.

Published Paper   E-Certificate

Nazia Shabbir (March-2026). AI in the Courtroom: The Admissibility of Cyber-Forensic Evidence in Narcotics Trials. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 11(3), d527-d537. https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v11i3.322200

Volume 11 Issue 3, March-2026

Pages : d527-d537

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_322200

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2603370

Research Area: Other area not in list

Author Type: Indian Author

Country: Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2603370.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2603370

Crossref DOI: https://doi.org/10.56975/ijnrd.v11i3.322200

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

UGC CARE JOURNAL PUBLICATION | ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

An International UGC CARE JOURNAL PUBLICATION, Low Cost, Scholarly Open Access, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator

Publisher: IJNRD (IJ Publication) Janvi Wave | IJNRD.ORG | IJNRD.COM | IJPUB.ORG

© 2026 - Authors hold the copyright of this article. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. and The Open Definition. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). 🛡️ Disclaimer: The content, data, and findings in this article are based on the authors’ research and have been peer-reviewed for academic purposes only. Readers are advised to verify all information before practical or commercial use. The journal and its editorial board are not liable for any errors, losses, or consequences arising from its use.

Call For Paper - Volume 11 | Issue 4 | April 2026

IJNRD is a Scholarly Open Access, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, and UGC CARE Journal Publication with a High Impact Factor of 8.76 (calculated by Google Scholar & Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool). It is a Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Low-Cost, and Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication that adheres to the New UGC CARE Transparent Peer-Reviewed Journal Policy and aligns with Scopus Journal Publication standards to ensure the highest level of research quality and credibility.

IJNRD offers comprehensive Journal Publication Services including indexing in all major databases and metadata repositories, Digital Object Identifier (Crossref DOI) assignment for each published article with additional fees, citation generation tools, and full Open Access visibility to enhance global research reach and citation impact.

The INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJNRD) aims to advance applied, theoretical, and experimental research across diverse academic and professional fields. The journal promotes global knowledge exchange among researchers, developers, academicians, engineers, and practitioners, serving as a trusted platform for innovative, peer-reviewed journal publication and scientific collaboration.

Indexing Coverage: Google Scholar, SSRN, ResearcherID-Publons, Semantic Scholar (AI-Powered Research Tool), Microsoft Academic, Academia.edu, arXiv.org, ResearchGate, CiteSeerX, ResearcherID (Thomson Reuters), Mendeley, DocStoc, ISSUU, Scribd, and many other recognized academic repositories.

Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication: IJNRD operates a strict double-blind peer review system managed by 3000+ expert reviewers, ensuring ethical, unbiased, and high-quality review for every research paper.

For Indian Authors : Get a transparent peer review report from Scholar9.com for just ₹1000. View Sample Report

For Foreign Authors : A detailed peer review report is available through Scholar9.com for $20 USD. View Sample Report

Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication

⭐ Transparent Peer Review | 🕵️‍♂️ Double-Blind | 👨‍🏫 3000+ Expert Reviewers | 🇮🇳 Report for India Author ₹1000 | 🌐 Report for Foreign Author $20 | 📄 Sample Reports on Scholar9.com | 🌍 High Credibility | ⚖️ Ethical & Unbiased Evaluation

How to submit the paper?

By Our website

Click Here to Submit Paper Online

By Mail

Send your paper to editor@ijnrd.org

Recently, the UGC discontinued the UGC-CARE Journal List and introduced new parameters that allow publication in Transparent Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journals. IJNRD is Transparent Peer Review Journal Valid As per New UGC Notification.

You can now publish your research paper in IJNRD.ORG. IJNRD is a Transparent Peer-Reviewed Open Access (Refereed Journal), UGC and UGC CARE Approved, Crossref DOI, Multidisciplinary, Impact Factor calculate by Google Scholar. As an International, open-access, and online journal, Publishing with us ensures wider reach, academic credibility, and enhanced recognition for your work.

For more details, refer to the official notice: UGC Public Notice

⭐ Low Cost ₹1570 | 📚 UGC CARE Approved | 🔍 Peer-Reviewed | 🌐 Open Access | 🔗 Crossref DOI & Global Indexing | 📊 Google Scholar Impact Factor | 🧪 Multidisciplinary

Submit Paper Online  Call for Paper  About IJNRD UGC CARE Approval

Important Dates for Current issue

Paper Submission Open For: April 2026

Current Issue: Volume 11 | Issue 4 | April 2026

Impact Factor: 8.76

Last Date for Paper Submission: Till 30-Apr-2026

Notification of Review Result: Transparent peer review process - your paper is evaluated by experts, and you receive acceptance or rejection updates via email and SMS.

Publication of Paper: Once all documents are submitted, your paper is published without delay, and you can instantly download your certificate and confirmation letter online.

Frequency: Monthly (12 issue Annually).

Journal Type: IJNRD is an international open-access journal offering Low Cost Journal Publication, transparent Peer Review Journal Publication, Crossref DOI, and multidisciplinary research visibility under UGC CARE Approved Journal Publication.

Subject Category: Research Area

Approval, Licenses and Indexing: More Details

Call For Paper - Volume 11 | Issue 4 | April 2026

IJNRD.org offers low-cost journal publication starting at ₹1570 with UGC CARE Approved, refereed, peer-reviewed, open-access publishing. This multidisciplinary monthly journal, available in both online and print formats, features a strong Google Scholar-based impact factor of 8.76, Transparent Peer Review, CrossRef DOI, global indexing, fast publication, and complete metadata for maximum research visibility and citation impact across multidisciplinary domains.

Volume 11 | Issue 4 | April 2026 | IJNRD Transparent Peer Review Certificate | Submit Paper Online till 30-Apr-2026

⭐ UGC CARE Approved Refereed Journal | 🔍 Transparent Peer Review | 🌐 Open Access Publishing | 💰 Low-Cost ₹1570 | 🔗 CrossRef DOI & Global Indexing | 📊 Google Scholar Impact Factor 8.76 | 🧪 Multidisciplinary | Online & Print

Submit Paper Online