Paper Title
ASSESSMENT OF TECHNICAL EFFICACY AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF BENCH TERRACES IN SOIL EROSION CONTROL FOCUS ON GREEN GICUMBI PROJECT, GICUMBI DISTRICT
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Registration ID: IJNRD_308914
Published ID: IJNRD2508128
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Keywords
Technical efficacy, economic impacts, soil erosion, Green Gicumbi Project.
Abstract
Soil erosion is a major cause of soil loss and one of the most serious problems threatening human well-being and environmental sustainability. In developing countries like Rwanda, where agriculture is the backbone of the economy, conservation practices have been implemented to combat soil erosion. Bench terraces in the highland regions of Rwanda are considered one of the most effective solutions to address accelerated soil erosion and its related problems. This research evaluated the technical conformity and cost-effectiveness of bench terraces in Gicumbi District, an area highly susceptible to erosion and climate hazards. The study focused on the Green Gicumbi Project, which plays a key role in implementing bench terraces to mitigate soil erosion. The study population of 44,326 households was considered within a sample size of 112 respondents comprising 12 project implementers and stakeholders and 100 beneficiaries. A mixed-method approach combining both quantitative and qualitative data was used. The technical standards and models provided by Food and Agriculture Organization were tested on 108 purposively sampled bench terraces across eight sectors, and the terraces were compared to the current practices implemented by the Green Gicumbi Project in the Gicumbi District. The results showed that most terraces adhered to technical guidelines, with average riser slopes of 65.5%, riser heights of 1.6 m, and widths of around 4.1 m. However, 18% of the terraces displayed technical flaws, particularly on steep slopes exceeding 44%, where instability and lack of check dams and maintenance were observed. Correlation analysis between FAO-calculated and field-measured terrace dimensions showed weak alignment r = 0.479 for vertical interval and a moderate positive correlation r = 0.675 for width. Economic analysis using Cost-Benefit Analysis showed that, with proper farming practices, terraces are economically viable, with a Benefit-Cost Ratio of 1.58 by the second year after construction. Maize and bean yields increased by 25–30%, and over 60% of farmers reported increased crop yields, reduction of soil erosion, improved soil moisture, and greater fodder availability. The study concludes that bench terraces are both technically and economically effective when properly designed and maintained. These findings offer valuable guidance for policy-makers and practitioners seeking to expand sustainable land management practices in Rwanda. The study supports the importance of adhering to construction standards and ensuring regular maintenance. It also emphasizes the need for continued support from the Ministry of Agriculture to sustain results beyond project completion, including efforts to strengthen supervision, farmer training, and long-term monitoring in future soil conservation programs.
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How To Cite (APA)
Theoneste BIZIMENYERA, Dr. Pancras NDOKOYE, & NTAKIRUTIMANA Theogene (August-2025). ASSESSMENT OF TECHNICAL EFFICACY AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF BENCH TERRACES IN SOIL EROSION CONTROL FOCUS ON GREEN GICUMBI PROJECT, GICUMBI DISTRICT. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 10(8), b229-b242. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2508128.pdf
Issue
Volume 10 Issue 8, August-2025
Pages : b229-b242
Other Publication Details
Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_308914
Published Paper Id: IJNRD2508128
Research Area: Social Science All
Author Type: Foreign Author
Country: Musanze District, Rwanda, Rwanda
Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2508128.pdf
Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2508128
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