Paper Title
Prevalence and Determinants of Herpes Simplex Virus type 2: A Rural-Urban Comparison among HIV-Infected and Uninfected Pregnant Women in Cross River State, Nigeria
Article Identifiers
Registration ID: IJNRD_226465
Published ID: IJNRD2408205
: Click Here to Get
About Hard Copy and Transparent Peer Review Report
Keywords
Herpes simplex virus, Human immunodeficiency virus, Seroprevalence, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent test.
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Preventing neonatal herpes is a crucial step in combating herpes simplex virus infection. Knowing the HSV status of the mother is advantageous. Furthermore, HSV infection serves as a biological cofactor for HIV infection, a disease that has reached pandemic levels. Conducting screenings on pregnant women for HSV infection would enable the identification of women who are at risk and facilitate measures to prevent neonatal infection. GOAL: To assess and contrast the occurrence rate of HSV type 2 in pregnant women who are infected with HIV and those who are not infected with HIV. PROCEDURE: Serum samples from a total of 300 pregnant women, with 150 being HIV infected and 150 being HIV uninfected, were examined for the presence of HSV-2 IgG antibodies. Female participants who were less than 36 weeks pregnant got optional counselling, followed by testing for their HIV and HSV-2 status using a commercially available kit called CALBIOTECH HSV-2 IgG ELISA. The study aimed to establish the seroprevalence of HSV type 2, as well as the prevalence of HSV type 2 and HIV co-infection. A seroprevalence comparison was conducted between customers infected with HIV and clients not infected with HIV to determine the prevalence of HSV type 2. A comparison was also conducted between rural and urban areas regarding the incidence of HSV type 2. The data collected were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The researchers employed multivariate logistic regression to determine the independent factors that predict HSV type 2 infections. The prevalence of HSV-2 among pregnant women infected with HIV was 83.3%, whereas it was 80.7% among pregnant women not infected with HIV. Among rural inhabitants, the prevalence was 74.4%, while among urban dwellers, it was 87.4%. The factors that were shown to be linked with HSV-2 seropositivity were the level of knowledge about HSV-2 (X2=5.426; p=0.020), the location of the responder (X2=13.102; p=0.001), and the age of the spouse (FET;9.933, p=0.047). The age of the spouse was found to be a significant predictor of HVS type 2 seropositivity, as determined by a multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: The incidence of HSV-2 is considerably elevated among pregnant women in Cross River state, Nigeria. It is necessary to formulate methods with the objective of decreasing HSV-2 infection rates among pregnant women.
Downloads
How To Cite (APA)
Sylvester E Abeshi, Chiegina O Godwin, Ezukwa O Ezukwa, & Edet E Ekpo (August-2024). Prevalence and Determinants of Herpes Simplex Virus type 2: A Rural-Urban Comparison among HIV-Infected and Uninfected Pregnant Women in Cross River State, Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 9(8), c36-c47. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2408205.pdf
Issue
Volume 9 Issue 8, August-2024
Pages : c36-c47
Other Publication Details
Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_226465
Published Paper Id: IJNRD2408205
Research Area: Medical Science
Author Type: Foreign Author
Country: Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2408205.pdf
Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2408205
About Publisher
Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)
UGC CARE JOURNAL PUBLICATION | ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016
An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator
Publisher: IJNRD (IJ Publication) Janvi Wave | IJNRD.ORG | IJNRD.COM | IJPUB.ORG
Copyright & License
© 2025 — Authors hold the copyright of this article. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. and The Open Definition.
You are free to share, adapt, and redistribute the material, provided proper credit is given to the original author. 🛡️ Disclaimer: The content, data, and findings in this article are based on the authors’ research and have been peer-reviewed for academic purposes only. Readers are advised to verify all information before practical or commercial use. The journal and its editorial board are not liable for any errors, losses, or consequences arising from its use.
Publication Timeline
Article Preview: View Full Paper
Call For Paper
IJNRD is a Scholarly Open Access, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, and UGC CARE Journal Publication with a High Impact Factor of 8.76 (calculated by Google Scholar & Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool). It is a Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Low-Cost, and Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication that adheres to the New UGC CARE Transparent Peer-Reviewed Journal Policy and aligns with Scopus Journal Publication standards to ensure the highest level of research quality and credibility.
IJNRD offers comprehensive Journal Publication Services including indexing in all major databases and metadata repositories, Digital Object Identifier (Crossref DOI) assignment for each published article with additional fees, citation generation tools, and full Open Access visibility to enhance global research reach and citation impact.
The INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJNRD) aims to advance applied, theoretical, and experimental research across diverse academic and professional fields. The journal promotes global knowledge exchange among researchers, developers, academicians, engineers, and practitioners, serving as a trusted platform for innovative, peer-reviewed journal publication and scientific collaboration.
Indexing Coverage: Google Scholar, SSRN, ResearcherID-Publons, Semantic Scholar (AI-Powered Research Tool), Microsoft Academic, Academia.edu, arXiv.org, ResearchGate, CiteSeerX, ResearcherID (Thomson Reuters), Mendeley, DocStoc, ISSUU, Scribd, and many other recognized academic repositories.
Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication: IJNRD operates a strict double-blind peer review system managed by 3000+ expert reviewers, ensuring ethical, unbiased, and high-quality review for every research paper.
For Indian Authors : Get a transparent peer review report from Scholar9.com for just ₹1000. View Sample Report
For Foreign Authors : A detailed peer review report is available through Scholar9.com for $20 USD. View Sample Report
Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication
⭐ Transparent Peer Review | 🕵️♂️ Double-Blind | 👨🏫 3000+ Expert Reviewers | 🇮🇳 Report for India Author ₹1000 | 🌐 Report for Foreign Author $20 | 📄 Sample Reports on Scholar9.com | 🌍 High Credibility | ⚖️ Ethical & Unbiased Evaluation
How to submit the paper?
By Our website
Click Here to Submit Paper Online
Recently, the UGC discontinued the UGC-CARE Journal List and introduced new parameters that allow publication in Transparent Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journals. IJNRD is Transparent Peer Review Journal Valid As per New UGC Notification.
You can now publish your research paper in IJNRD.ORG. IJNRD is a Transparent Peer-Reviewed Open Access (Refereed Journal), UGC and UGC CARE Approved, Crossref DOI, Multidisciplinary, Impact Factor calculate by Google Scholar. As an International, open-access, and online journal, Publishing with us ensures wider reach, academic credibility, and enhanced recognition for your work.
For more details, refer to the official notice: UGC Public Notice
⭐ Low Cost ₹1570 | 📚 UGC CARE Approved | 🔍 Peer-Reviewed | 🌐 Open Access | 🔗 Crossref DOI & Global Indexing | 📊 Google Scholar Impact Factor | 🧪 Multidisciplinary
Submit Paper Online Call for Paper About IJNRD UGC CARE Approval
Important Dates for Current issue
Paper Submission Open For: December 2025
Current Issue: Volume 10 | Issue 12 | December 2025
Impact Factor: 8.76
Last Date for Paper Submission: Till 31-Dec-2025
Notification of Review Result: Transparent peer review process - your paper is evaluated by experts, and you receive acceptance or rejection updates via email and SMS.
Publication of Paper: Once all documents are submitted, your paper is published without delay, and you can instantly download your certificate and confirmation letter online.
Frequency: Monthly (12 issue Annually).
Journal Type: IJNRD is an international open-access journal offering Low Cost Journal Publication, transparent Peer Review Journal Publication, Crossref DOI, and multidisciplinary research visibility under UGC CARE Approved Journal Publication.
Subject Category: Research Area
Approval, Licenses and Indexing: More Details
Call For Paper - Volume 10 | Issue 12 | December 2025
IJNRD.org offers low-cost journal publication starting at ₹1570 with UGC CARE Approved, refereed, peer-reviewed, open-access publishing. This multidisciplinary monthly journal, available in both online and print formats, features a strong Google Scholar-based impact factor of 8.76, Transparent Peer Review, CrossRef DOI, global indexing, fast publication, and complete metadata for maximum research visibility and citation impact across multidisciplinary domains.
Volume 10 | Issue 12 | December 2025 | IJNRD Transparent Peer Review Certificate | Submit Paper Online
⭐ UGC CARE Approved Refereed Journal | 🔍 Transparent Peer Review | 🌐 Open Access Publishing | 💰 Low-Cost ₹1570 | 🔗 CrossRef DOI & Global Indexing | 📊 Google Scholar Impact Factor 8.76 | 🧪 Multidisciplinary | Online & Print
Submit Paper Online
