Prevalence and Determinants of Herpes Simplex Virus type 2: A Rural-Urban Comparison among HIV-Infected and Uninfected Pregnant Women in Cross River State, Nigeria

Registration ID: IJNRD_226465

Published ID: IJNRD2408205

DOI: Click Here to Get

Sylvester E Abeshi , Chiegina O Godwin , Ezukwa O Ezukwa , Edet E Ekpo

Herpes simplex virus, Human immunodeficiency virus, Seroprevalence, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent test.

ABSTRACT: Preventing neonatal herpes is a crucial step in combating herpes simplex virus infection. Knowing the HSV status of the mother is advantageous. Furthermore, HSV infection serves as a biological cofactor for HIV infection, a disease that has reached pandemic levels. Conducting screenings on pregnant women for HSV infection would enable the identification of women who are at risk and facilitate measures to prevent neonatal infection. GOAL: To assess and contrast the occurrence rate of HSV type 2 in pregnant women who are infected with HIV and those who are not infected with HIV. PROCEDURE: Serum samples from a total of 300 pregnant women, with 150 being HIV infected and 150 being HIV uninfected, were examined for the presence of HSV-2 IgG antibodies. Female participants who were less than 36 weeks pregnant got optional counselling, followed by testing for their HIV and HSV-2 status using a commercially available kit called CALBIOTECH HSV-2 IgG ELISA. The study aimed to establish the seroprevalence of HSV type 2, as well as the prevalence of HSV type 2 and HIV co-infection. A seroprevalence comparison was conducted between customers infected with HIV and clients not infected with HIV to determine the prevalence of HSV type 2. A comparison was also conducted between rural and urban areas regarding the incidence of HSV type 2. The data collected were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The researchers employed multivariate logistic regression to determine the independent factors that predict HSV type 2 infections. The prevalence of HSV-2 among pregnant women infected with HIV was 83.3%, whereas it was 80.7% among pregnant women not infected with HIV. Among rural inhabitants, the prevalence was 74.4%, while among urban dwellers, it was 87.4%. The factors that were shown to be linked with HSV-2 seropositivity were the level of knowledge about HSV-2 (X2=5.426; p=0.020), the location of the responder (X2=13.102; p=0.001), and the age of the spouse (FET;9.933, p=0.047). The age of the spouse was found to be a significant predictor of HVS type 2 seropositivity, as determined by a multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: The incidence of HSV-2 is considerably elevated among pregnant women in Cross River state, Nigeria. It is necessary to formulate methods with the objective of decreasing HSV-2 infection rates among pregnant women.

Published Paper   E-Certificate

Sylvester E Abeshi, Chiegina O Godwin, Ezukwa O Ezukwa, & Edet E Ekpo (August-2024). Prevalence and Determinants of Herpes Simplex Virus type 2: A Rural-Urban Comparison among HIV-Infected and Uninfected Pregnant Women in Cross River State, Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 9(8), c36-c47. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2408205.pdf

Volume 9 Issue 8, August-2024

Pages : c36-c47

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_226465

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2408205

Downloads: 000121985

Research Area: Medical Science

Country: Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2408205.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2408205

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator

Publisher: IJNRD (IJ Publication) Janvi Wave | IJNRD.ORG | IJNRD.COM | IJPUB.ORG

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License and The Open Definition

Call For Paper - Volume 10 | Issue 10 | October 2025

IJNRD is a Scholarly Open Access, Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journal with a High Impact Factor of 8.76 (calculated by Google Scholar & Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool). It is a Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Low-Cost Journal that follows UGC CARE 2025 Peer-Reviewed Journal Policy norms, Scopus journal standards, and Transparent Peer Review practices to ensure quality and credibility. IJNRD provides indexing in all major databases & metadata repositories, a citation generator, and Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for every published article with full open-access visibility.

The INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJNRD) aims to advance applied, theoretical, and experimental research across diverse fields. Its goal is to promote global scientific information exchange among researchers, developers, engineers, academicians, and practitioners. IJNRD serves as a platform where educators and professionals can share research evidence, models of best practice, and innovative ideas, contributing to academic growth and industry relevance.

Indexing Coverage includes Google Scholar, SSRN, ResearcherID-Publons, Semantic Scholar (AI-Powered Research Tool), Microsoft Academic, Academia.edu, arXiv.org, ResearchGate, CiteSeerX, ResearcherID (Thomson Reuters), Mendeley, DocStoc, ISSUU, Scribd, and many more recognized academic repositories.

How to submit the paper?

By Our website

Click Here to Submit Paper Online

By Mail

Send your paper to editor@ijnrd.org

Important Dates for Current issue

Paper Submission Open For: October 2025

Current Issue: Volume 10 | Issue 10 | October 2025

Impact Factor: 8.76

Last Date for Paper Submission: Till 31-Oct-2025

Notification of Review Result: Within 1-2 Days after Submitting paper.

Publication of Paper: Within 01-02 Days after Submititng documents.

Frequency: Monthly (12 issue Annually).

Journal Type: IJNRD is an International Peer-reviewed, Refereed, and Open Access Journal with Transparent Peer Review as per the new UGC CARE 2025 guidelines, offering low-cost multidisciplinary publication with Crossref DOI and global indexing.

Subject Category: Research Area

Call for Paper: More Details