ANALYSIS OF PLATELET COUNT AND PLATELET TRANSFUSION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE ON-PUMP CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING SURGERY.

Registration ID: IJNRD_224004

Published ID: IJNRD2407498

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Mr.Akshaya Hiremath

CPB,Platelet

Coronary artery bypass grafting is the most common cardiac surgical procedure. Thousands of CABG surgeries conducting by so many hospitals annually worldwide, due to improved surgical techniques and myocardial protection1. Cardiopulmonary bypass affects so many physiological conditions of patients intraoperative and post-operatively. A decrease in platelet count is one of the major physiological conditions which can cause bleeding postoperatively. Platelets transfusion is administered in cardiac surgery to prevent and treat bleeding. The role of platelets has come under significant checking in various disease processes as they are increasingly recognized as important regulators of tissue inflammation. Some studies reported that in critically ill patients’ postoperative low platelet count is associated with acute kidney injury and increased risk for mortality after Coronary artery bypass surgery2 Patients undergoing cardiac surgery will be at high risk of excessive bleeding and other complications. Platelets are small blood cells that help to form clots to stop bleeding. Normal platelet count and function are essential for proper coagulation function. Bleeding often leads to the transfusion of blood and blood components. Approximately 25-30% of CABG patients suffer from abnormal bleeding, with low platelet count and abnormal platelet function, and it is the most common cause of internal bleeding. Platelets are administered after CABG surgery if the patient’s platelet count decreases below 50000, for the prevention and treatment of bleeding 3. There is a strong relationship between perioperative platelet transfusion and increased postoperative mortality 4. Postoperative bleeding and low platelet count due to physiological changes remain common risk factors after CABG surgery. This affects approximately 2-4% of patients and carries a higher risk for postoperative mortality. As increasing numbers of older patients with more comorbidities are undergoing CABG surgery, and as more patients are surviving after the surgery, the prediction, management, and prevention of bleeding after CABG surgery are the healthcare priorities of increasing concern. Cardiopulmonary bypass impairs platelet function and counts irrespective of the time of cessation. In addition, the use of heparin further contributes to impaired platelet function and platelet count. The etiology of low platelet count and bleeding after on-pump CABG surgery is complex and multifactorial with important differences between early 24hrs and delayed >24hrs. Most early bleeding and reduction in platelet count arise from hypothermia and longer bypass time during surgery, intraoperative hemodynamic status5. Abnormal or low platelet count is often considered to be one of the most important factors leading to postoperative bleeding and patients often require platelet transfusion because of reduced platelet count and function.6 Many studies have been conducted on platelet transfusion and physiological changes in platelet count after CABG surgery, but some of those studies conclude that further studies are required to analyze the platelet transfusion and platelet count in patients undergoing CABG7. This study concludes with changes in platelet count and platelet transfusion requirements after 24hrs and 72hrs of on-pump CABG surgery.

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Mr.Akshaya Hiremath (July-2024). ANALYSIS OF PLATELET COUNT AND PLATELET TRANSFUSION IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE ON-PUMP CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING SURGERY.. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 9(7), f983-f999. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2407498.pdf

Volume 9 Issue 7, July-2024

Pages : f983-f999

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_224004

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2407498

Research Area: Health Science 

Author Type: Indian Author

Country: Vijayapura, karnataka, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2407498.pdf

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