Seasonal Variability of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Influence of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPS) in Maiduguri and Environs, Northeast Nigeria

Registration ID: IJNRD_225405

Published ID: IJNRD2407396

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Wakil Malah Bukar , Ibrahim Abatcha Umar , Mohammed Abba Jimme

Keywords: NDVI, Insurgency, Vegetation, GIS and Remote Sensing, Environmental Sustainability

Abstract This study examined the normalized difference vegetation index in Maiduguri and its environs during and after the rainy season using Landsat satellite imagery processed in ArcGIS 10.8, with a specific focus on the potential impact of insurgency and influx of internally displaced persons (IDPs) on vegetation dynamics. The NDVI values, assessed at six-time points during the rainy season (September) and six-time points after the rainy season (April) from 2002 to 2023, presented distinct patterns. During the rainy season, NDVI fluctuations, ranging from 0.565361 to 0.845448 (high) and -0.558536 to -0.113994 (low), underscored the responsiveness of vegetation to climatic variations. The peak NDVI in September 2018 suggests a period of heightened vegetation health, whereas the consistent values in September 2009 and 2012 may indicate either a stable ecological state or external factors influencing vegetation resilience. In the aftermath of the rainy season, NDVI values oscillated between 0.489412 and 0.690691 (high) and between 0.304126 and -0.113994 (low). April 2018 had the highest NDVI, potentially reflecting the impacts of climatic conditions, land-use practices, and ecological resilience. Conversely, April 2015 had the lowest NDVI after the rainy season, suggesting a potential decline in vegetation vitality. This study recognizes the multifaceted influence of insurgency and influx of IDPs on vegetation dynamics. The observed decline in NDVI values may be attributed to the adverse effects of insurgency, leading to tree-cutting for fuel by the displaced populations. This human-induced pressure on vegetation resources, coupled with the disruption of traditional farming activities due to conflict, contributed to the observed patterns. Understanding these intricacies is crucial for developing sustainable land management strategies that consider both ecological and socioeconomic factors.

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Wakil Malah Bukar, Ibrahim Abatcha Umar, & Mohammed Abba Jimme (July-2024). Seasonal Variability of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Influence of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPS) in Maiduguri and Environs, Northeast Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 9(7), e303-e316. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2407396.pdf

Volume 9 Issue 7, July-2024

Pages : e303-e316

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_225405

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2407396

Downloads: 000121985

Research Area: Environmental Management 

Country: Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2407396.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2407396

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

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