Multidimensional analysis of developed water sources in the health zone of Lukula in the Democratic republic of the Congo

Registration ID: IJNRD_219176

Published ID: IJNRD2404668

DOI: http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.39075

André Mampuya Nzita , Pascal Bakwita Nkoso , André Kajinga Ngoyi , Dan Kandala Muamba , Roger Kizungu Vumilia,Marcel Mbaya Kasongo

PCA, HAC, MCFA, water sources, quantitative variables, samples, water quality, R software

In this investigation, principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical ascending classification (HAC), and multiple correspondence factor analysis (MCFA) were used to assess the water quality and the impact of human activities on it. PCA transformed the physicochemical parameters into new uncorrelated variables, and the PC1 and PC2 axes revealed that 64,05% of the total variance was influenced by parameters such as chlorides, sodium, potassium, phosphates, sulfides, pH, turbidity, and nitrates. After projecting the samples onto the factorial plane defined by PC1 and PC2, water sources were characterized based on their properties, which allowed for the identification of saline and hard waters, enabling decisions regarding their use and treatment methods. HAC grouped the water sources according to their similarity in terms of salinity and hardness, providing an understanding of the similarities and differences between these waters. MCFA identified significant correlations between certain parameters, measuring the linear relationships between multiple quantitative variables. We used R software to perform this multidimensional analysis of water sources. The statistical methods were performed to assess water quality, gain a better understanding of its characteristics, and make informed decisions regarding its management and treatment.

Published Paper   E-Certificate

André Mampuya Nzita, Pascal Bakwita Nkoso, André Kajinga Ngoyi, Dan Kandala Muamba, & Roger Kizungu Vumilia,Marcel Mbaya Kasongo (April-2024). Multidimensional analysis of developed water sources in the health zone of Lukula in the Democratic republic of the Congo. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 9(4), g579-g585. http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.39075

Volume 9 Issue 4, April-2024

Pages : g579-g585

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_219176

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2404668

Downloads: 000122003

Research Area: Water Resourses & Management 

Country: Kinshasa, President Joseph Kasa-Vubu University, Department , Congo, The Democratic Republic of The

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2404668.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2404668

Crossref DOI: http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.39075

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

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