MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION

Registration ID: IJNRD_215033

Published ID: IJNRD2403121

: Click Here to Get

About Hard Copy and Transparent Peer Review Report

KESHAV

This article discusses memorandums of association, which are essential to the creation of companies. The fact that a business is founded on a legal act is highlighted, setting it apart from other private law societies. It is believed that the adoption of a legislation or the negotiation of a memorandum of association are the two legal acts that might serve as the foundation for a corporation. The creation of legal bodies such as credit unions, joint stock corporations, and associations just requires the enactment of a statute. A formal document known as a memorandum of association is necessary for the establishment of all other companies. The legislative solution that necessitates the adoption of a statute and the conclusion of a memorandum of association in order to form mutual insurance companies and cooperative societies is criticised because it burdens the formation process unnecessarily, produces issues, and creates legal uncertainty. Additionally, a company does not need to be constituted based on two legal acts. The author outlines the characteristics of specific firms' memorandums of association and examines fundamental issues with them, including conclusion, content, interpretation of their provisions, application of the law, modification, etc. Their ability to control relationships in all kinds of businesses is assessed. Concerning that, There is evidence to suggest that the way that laws regulate the memorandum of association in limited liability firms and partnerships differs noticeably. This is explained by the disparity in their economic significance, which is determined by their impact on the economy rather than the quantity of those businesses. It is highlighted that the partnership contract (societas) serves as the foundation for all memorandums of associations of partnerships. Legislative regulations on partnerships include provisions on contracts of partnership (societas), even when discussing legal persons; similarly, requirements on general partnerships are mentioned in regulations on other firms that fall under the legal person category. In actuality, this indicates that everything is predicated on the terms of the partnership agreement (societas). Again, everything is based on societas in cases where a partnership lacks legal ability (silent partnership, association without legal capacity), as societas is a sort of firm and such an association is a societas. It is argued that the memorandum of association's legal nature is defined by the fact that it is a long-term organisational contract. It is subject to the rules governing relevant companies and, with certain exclusions, obligations. It is emphasised that memorandums of association are to be understood objectively as acts for the portion of them that contain substantive content, and in accordance with contract interpretation standards for the portion that is formal. It is underlined that, unlike other contracts, the majority of voices required to amend a contract may not always require the approval of all members; instead, the contract or applicable legislation may specify that requirement. Conclusion: Because the memorandum of association can be more easily adjusted to members' needs and can govern a wider range of questions within and about the firm, it is a more suitable tool for regulating important questions related to the operation of the business.

Published Paper   E-Certificate

KESHAV (March-2024). MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION . INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 9(3), b205-b218. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2403121.pdf

Volume 9 Issue 3, March-2024

Pages : b205-b218

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_215033

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2403121

Research Area: Other

Author Type: Indian Author

Country: noida, up, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2403121.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2403121

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

UGC CARE JOURNAL PUBLICATION | ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

An International UGC CARE JOURNAL PUBLICATION, Low Cost, Scholarly Open Access, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator

Publisher: IJNRD (IJ Publication) Janvi Wave | IJNRD.ORG | IJNRD.COM | IJPUB.ORG

© 2026 - Authors hold the copyright of this article. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. and The Open Definition. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). 🛡️ Disclaimer: The content, data, and findings in this article are based on the authors’ research and have been peer-reviewed for academic purposes only. Readers are advised to verify all information before practical or commercial use. The journal and its editorial board are not liable for any errors, losses, or consequences arising from its use.

Call For Paper - Volume 11 | Issue 2 | February 2026

IJNRD is a Scholarly Open Access, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, and UGC CARE Journal Publication with a High Impact Factor of 8.76 (calculated by Google Scholar & Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool). It is a Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Low-Cost, and Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication that adheres to the New UGC CARE Transparent Peer-Reviewed Journal Policy and aligns with Scopus Journal Publication standards to ensure the highest level of research quality and credibility.

IJNRD offers comprehensive Journal Publication Services including indexing in all major databases and metadata repositories, Digital Object Identifier (Crossref DOI) assignment for each published article with additional fees, citation generation tools, and full Open Access visibility to enhance global research reach and citation impact.

The INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJNRD) aims to advance applied, theoretical, and experimental research across diverse academic and professional fields. The journal promotes global knowledge exchange among researchers, developers, academicians, engineers, and practitioners, serving as a trusted platform for innovative, peer-reviewed journal publication and scientific collaboration.

Indexing Coverage: Google Scholar, SSRN, ResearcherID-Publons, Semantic Scholar (AI-Powered Research Tool), Microsoft Academic, Academia.edu, arXiv.org, ResearchGate, CiteSeerX, ResearcherID (Thomson Reuters), Mendeley, DocStoc, ISSUU, Scribd, and many other recognized academic repositories.

Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication: IJNRD operates a strict double-blind peer review system managed by 3000+ expert reviewers, ensuring ethical, unbiased, and high-quality review for every research paper.

For Indian Authors : Get a transparent peer review report from Scholar9.com for just ₹1000. View Sample Report

For Foreign Authors : A detailed peer review report is available through Scholar9.com for $20 USD. View Sample Report

Transparent Peer Review Journal Publication

⭐ Transparent Peer Review | 🕵️‍♂️ Double-Blind | 👨‍🏫 3000+ Expert Reviewers | 🇮🇳 Report for India Author ₹1000 | 🌐 Report for Foreign Author $20 | 📄 Sample Reports on Scholar9.com | 🌍 High Credibility | ⚖️ Ethical & Unbiased Evaluation

How to submit the paper?

By Our website

Click Here to Submit Paper Online

By Mail

Send your paper to editor@ijnrd.org

Recently, the UGC discontinued the UGC-CARE Journal List and introduced new parameters that allow publication in Transparent Peer-Reviewed (Refereed) Journals. IJNRD is Transparent Peer Review Journal Valid As per New UGC Notification.

You can now publish your research paper in IJNRD.ORG. IJNRD is a Transparent Peer-Reviewed Open Access (Refereed Journal), UGC and UGC CARE Approved, Crossref DOI, Multidisciplinary, Impact Factor calculate by Google Scholar. As an International, open-access, and online journal, Publishing with us ensures wider reach, academic credibility, and enhanced recognition for your work.

For more details, refer to the official notice: UGC Public Notice

⭐ Low Cost ₹1570 | 📚 UGC CARE Approved | 🔍 Peer-Reviewed | 🌐 Open Access | 🔗 Crossref DOI & Global Indexing | 📊 Google Scholar Impact Factor | 🧪 Multidisciplinary

Submit Paper Online  Call for Paper  About IJNRD UGC CARE Approval

Important Dates for Current issue

Paper Submission Open For: February 2026

Current Issue: Volume 11 | Issue 2 | February 2026

Impact Factor: 8.76

Last Date for Paper Submission: Till 28-Feb-2026

Notification of Review Result: Transparent peer review process - your paper is evaluated by experts, and you receive acceptance or rejection updates via email and SMS.

Publication of Paper: Once all documents are submitted, your paper is published without delay, and you can instantly download your certificate and confirmation letter online.

Frequency: Monthly (12 issue Annually).

Journal Type: IJNRD is an international open-access journal offering Low Cost Journal Publication, transparent Peer Review Journal Publication, Crossref DOI, and multidisciplinary research visibility under UGC CARE Approved Journal Publication.

Subject Category: Research Area

Approval, Licenses and Indexing: More Details

Call For Paper - Volume 11 | Issue 2 | February 2026

IJNRD.org offers low-cost journal publication starting at ₹1570 with UGC CARE Approved, refereed, peer-reviewed, open-access publishing. This multidisciplinary monthly journal, available in both online and print formats, features a strong Google Scholar-based impact factor of 8.76, Transparent Peer Review, CrossRef DOI, global indexing, fast publication, and complete metadata for maximum research visibility and citation impact across multidisciplinary domains.

Volume 11 | Issue 2 | February 2026 | IJNRD Transparent Peer Review Certificate | Submit Paper Online till 28-Feb-2026

⭐ UGC CARE Approved Refereed Journal | 🔍 Transparent Peer Review | 🌐 Open Access Publishing | 💰 Low-Cost ₹1570 | 🔗 CrossRef DOI & Global Indexing | 📊 Google Scholar Impact Factor 8.76 | 🧪 Multidisciplinary | Online & Print

Submit Paper Online