Compliance status on implementation of Initial Environmental Examination of drinking water supply projects in Karnali Province, Nepal

Registration ID: IJNRD_211835

Published ID: IJNRD2401093

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Janak Bhattari, Robert Dongol, Bibhusan Kumar Khadka, Ghanshayam Bhandari

Environmental Management Plan, Environment Protection Act, Environment Protection Rule.

The environment assessment system in Nepal has been introduced successfully after the enforcement of Environment Protection Rules (EPR) 1997. The EPR has been amended in 2020. It has further institutionalized the Environmental Assessment processes through the formulation of related regulations, guidelines, criteria's & sectorial policies. The environment assessment is made mandatory for the governmental as well as the private sector development projects those cross the given threshold of the schedules of EPR regulation. Study is carried out in Karnali Province which is located in the Mid-western part of the country. The province consists of different socioeconomically backward communities and disaster vulnerable geographical regions. For compliance status case study of IEE reports, the 6 drinking water supply projects (3 ongoing and 3 completed projects) implemented under Federal Ministry of Water Supply. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques were used, along with multiple data sources to ensure that the conclusions and recommendations were justified, consistent and reflective of the current legal provisions. Compliance Auditing, (Literature review, direct field observation and focused group discussion). To determine and evaluate the level of IEE compliance; IEE reports of selected drinking water supply schemes were reviewed. It was mainly focused on mitigation measures (including enhancement measures for beneficial impacts) proposed in the IEE reports. Along with this, mitigation measures of three main domains of the environment (physical environment, biological environment, and socioeconomic and cultural environment) in the field were assessed. 355 mitigation measures mentioned in IEE reports of 6 drinking water supply projects in the field were assessed. The mitigation measures were assisted through field observation at construction sites and informal interviews with stakeholders. In overall, 144 (40.56%) mitigation measures were found to be compliance (C), 88 (24.79%) were partial compliance (PC) and 123 (34.65%) were noncompliance (NC). In the same way, the pre-construction phase of the project has highest non compliances (40.98%) whereas the mitigation measures in O& M phase has highest compliances (55.26%).As there are no specific published researches on the IEE compliance of DWSS projects, so this study can help to assess the scenario of IEE compliance of drinking water supply projects over the study area and also globally as a case study. More than 40% of the total mitigation measures were fully and 25% were partially implemented in the field. In overall, 65% of mitigation measures were fully or partially implemented, which is higher than the related study conducted in other sector in Nepal. The environmental effects such as: soil erosion and gully formation, alteration of natural surface drainages, degradation of forest areas and effect in flora and fauna, environmental contamination, socio-economic conflicts were raised as a result of such noncompliance.

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Janak Bhattari, Robert Dongol, Bibhusan Kumar Khadka, & Ghanshayam Bhandari (January-2024). Compliance status on implementation of Initial Environmental Examination of drinking water supply projects in Karnali Province, Nepal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 9(1), a816-a822. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2401093.pdf

Volume 9 Issue 1, January-2024

Pages : a816-a822

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_211835

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2401093

Research Area: Environmental Engineering 

Author Type: Foreign Author

Country: Dailekh, Karnali Province, Nepal

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2401093.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2401093

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

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