Phenotypic resistance and cytochrome oxidase mutation in female Anopheles mosquitoes collected from Katakwi district-Uganda

Phenotypic resistance and cytochrome oxidase mutation in female Anopheles mosquitoes collected from Katakwi district-Uganda

Registration ID: IJNRD_209103

Published ID: IJNRD2311280

DOI: http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.36932

Mukasa Sadik , Lukyamuzi Fahad Hussein , Tumwesige Berenali , Wasswa Caleb

Knockdown resistance, phenotypic resistance, cytochrome oxidase, single nucleotide polymorphism

Background of the study: Malaria is a global public health problem that causes massive morbidity and mortality and poses a higher burden of disease. Globally, malaria has an estimated 219 million cases and 435,000 deaths. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium species which are transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquitoes. In an attempt to control the spread of mosquitoes, Uganda’s MoH recommends use of insecticides. The current study is aimed at determining the prevalence of insecticide resistance in Katakwi district mosquito populations. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2021 in Katakwi district. The mosquito larvae were collected from different ponds of Katakwi district and the paper insecticide resistance assay was carried out on them, DNA was extracted from them using the simple chelex procedure. A real-time was then used directly on DNA obtained from mosquito sections to detect point mutations conferring resistance to insecticides. Results: Most (37.6%) mosquitoes’ species were Anopheles arabiensis and over (55.9%) insecticides were Permethrin. All (100.0%) mosquitoes were alive upon application of the different insecticides. 88.2% were wild and 11.8% were mutants. This study reports presence with over 11.8% prevalence of cytochrome oxidase mutations in female Anopheles mosquitoes; a 5.3% deviation from the assumed prevalence of 6.5%. Conclusions: These mutations may heighten the malaria burden incase these mosquitoes continue to reproduce and pass on the mutant gene to the offspring. Moreover, a high incidence of malaria infections poses a great health risk within healthcare and therefore these mutations should be given urgent attention. An. arabiensis has the highest frequency of mutations illustrating the necessity to develop effective vector control strategies against these mosquito species rather than using pyrethroids insecticides.

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"Phenotypic resistance and cytochrome oxidase mutation in female Anopheles mosquitoes collected from Katakwi district-Uganda", IJNRD - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (www.IJNRD.org), ISSN:2456-4184, Vol.8, Issue 11, page no.c652-c661, November-2023, Available :https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2311280.pdf

Volume 8 Issue 11, November-2023

Pages : c652-c661

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_209103

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2311280

Downloads: 000121236

Research Area: Biological Science

Country: Kampala, Central, Uganda

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2311280.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2311280

DOI: http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.36932

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator

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