Green Solvents and Ionic Liquids-their Applications

Registration ID: IJNRD_204957

Published ID: IJNRD2309247

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Dr Himmat Singh

Practically all Industrial manufacturers largely rely on solvents for a multitude of tasks such as separations, facilitating chemical reactions leading to desired products via catalytic, non-catalytic and bio-catalysis routes. Conventional solvents, mostly carbon based, are toxic and dangerous to environment. Careful selection of solvents based on health and environmental safety considerations therefore plays a vital role in the entire chemical processes. Green chemistry and its concepts have been responsible for improvements in the capabilities of conventional solvents, with a new class of so-called master solvents, ‘green’ or ‘designer’ solvents, with little or milder ecological impact and other benefits like economic and productivity. Solvents use consistently accounts for between 80 and 90% of mass utilization in a typical chemical operation. Solvent selection guides have become a vital component in the effort to enhance the greenness of the fine chemical industries. Accordingly water, Ionic liquids, supercritical fluids, Deep Eutectic solvents, bio-based, some petrochemical and non-toxic liquid polymers like PEG are part of the class of green solvents to date. ‘Green’ solvents are predominantly oxo-hydrocarbons (cyclic and acyclic alcohols, esters, carbonates and ethers) with some hydrocarbons and those containing other hetero atoms, with acceptable range of physical and chemical properties. Their applications include: reaction synthesis to oil extraction, sensors and biosensors, CO2 capture, and bio-based chemicals. The pharmaceutical industry accounts for mass consumption of solvents. Green technologies are moving from an option to a must in modern industrial applications. Ionic liquids, supercritical fluids and deep eutectic solvents are being most actively investigated as potential green solvents, due to their unique properties and possibility of tuning their cation and anion moieties to make them task-specific. In the chemical industry, they are well established for innumerable processes and applications, such as reaction media for organic transformations, in separations and extractions, as electrolytes for electrochemistry, in biotechnology, absorption of gases (CO2) and as catalysts in organic synthesis. This article aims to provide a perspective on the green solvents, potential and successful commercialization of IL-based processes, to date.

Practically all Industrial manufacturers largely rely on solvents for a multitude of tasks such as separations, facilitating chemical reactions leading to desired products via catalytic, non-catalytic and bio-catalysis routes. Conventional solvents, mostly carbon based, are toxic and dangerous to environment. Careful selection of solvents based on health and environmental safety considerations therefore plays a vital role in the entire chemical processes. Green chemistry and its concepts have been responsible for improvements in the capabilities of conventional solvents, with a new class of so-called master solvents, ‘green’ or ‘designer’ solvents, with little or milder ecological impact and other benefits like economic and productivity. Solvents use consistently accounts for between 80 and 90% of mass utilization in a typical chemical operation. Solvent selection guides have become a vital component in the effort to enhance the greenness of the fine chemical industries. Accordingly water, Ionic liquids, supercritical fluids, Deep Eutectic solvents, bio-based, some petrochemical and non-toxic liquid polymers like PEG are part of the class of green solvents to date. ‘Green’ solvents are predominantly oxo-hydrocarbons (cyclic and acyclic alcohols, esters, carbonates and ethers) with some hydrocarbons and those containing other hetero atoms, with acceptable range of physical and chemical properties. Their applications include: reaction synthesis to oil extraction, sensors and biosensors, CO2 capture, and bio-based chemicals. The pharmaceutical industry accounts for mass consumption of solvents. Green technologies are moving from an option to a must in modern industrial applications. Ionic liquids, supercritical fluids and deep eutectic solvents are being most actively investigated as potential green solvents, due to their unique properties and possibility of tuning their cation and anion moieties to make them task-specific. In the chemical industry, they are well established for innumerable processes and applications, such as reaction media for organic transformations, in separations and extractions, as electrolytes for electrochemistry, in biotechnology, absorption of gases (CO2) and as catalysts in organic synthesis. This article aims to provide a perspective on the green solvents, potential and successful commercialization of IL-based processes, to date.

Published Paper   E-Certificate

Dr Himmat Singh (September-2023). Green Solvents and Ionic Liquids-their Applications. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 8(9), c403-c430. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2309247.pdf

Volume 8 Issue 9, September-2023

Pages : c403-c430

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_204957

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2309247

Downloads: 000122256

Research Area: Physical, Chemical Science and Engineering 

Author Type: Indian Author

Country: DehraDun,248001,, Uttarkhand, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2309247.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2309247

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