The Female Divinity of Panthoibi in Panthoibi Khongul

Registration ID: IJNRD_189927

Published ID: IJNRD2304038

DOI: Click Here to Get

Dr. R.K. Nirmola Sana

Key words: Acculturation, Cheitharol Kumbaba, Hijan Hirao, Poireiton Khunthok, Maibi, Shamanism, Lai Haraoba festival, Ougri and Jhencho, Chakpa dynasty, Numit Kappa, Chup Saba.

The Female Divinity of Panthoibi in Panthoibi Khongul Abstract Dr. R.K. Nirmola Sana Asst. Professor Manipuri Dept. Assam University, Silchar, 788011 Email id: rjkmrsana280@gmail.com Mobile No: 9435201614, 9101559201 This paper is concern of the rise of famal cult amid continuing conflict and controversy engendered by the mysterious characters of Panthoibi who gradually unfolds as a powerful goddest of Meitei community during the preaculturised period of the land as in delineated in the book Panthoibi Khongul (The fort print of Panthoibi). Phontoibi was foregrounded in the story as a thrilling female protagonist full life and emerging happened to be a highly controversial and problem- ridden housewife of Tarang Khoinucha, The Son of the Chief of Kanglei of Khaba dynasty. As a housewife she was marked by her wild and aberrant behaviour indulging in gossing reaming in wilderness, Sleeping of will, taking bath from river to river. Such aberrations in the story were conspicuous because Panthoibi had a clandestine deity of Langmai Hills and had a worry some langing for him. This led her to the several romantic trysts with her beloved. It was on suspicion of such clandestine trysts that her embarrassed in –laws tried to admonish her. However the in-laws clumsy tacties doomed their plan from the start. Sensing the malicious intent of her in-laws Panthoibi become so upset and infuriated that she immediately managed to bounce out of her husband’s home that too in the guise of a bright glowworm. This sparked a huge manhunt for the feeling housewife. The love sick housewife as a panic – striken lover finally got rid of the hot pursuit of the members of Khaba dynasty by hiding in different places and various guises. In the long run the cherished union of the two lovers took place at the home of Nongpok. The ultimate union of the divine couple use foregrounded as real ebullience and long awaited rapture with the congrations of all the gods and goddesses all in great veneration of the divine couple. The in-laws and others members of the khaba dynasty paid special obeisance to the divine couple to alone for this misdeeds. This gave rise to the intensing pomp and glander of the ultimate union with an overtone of the rising cult of femalier worshipping. That was why Panthoibi was glorified in the book by embellishing her with handeds of thousands of attributes attached to her power, prosperity, beauty, romance, proud, birth, cosmic pervasiveness, invincibility aberent behavioural pattesns so on and so forth. Thus this literary work is aptly analysed in the paper as a rare product of a period when Panthoibi shot into prominence as a divine power and her female divinity was effectively on the rise. This narrative of Panthoibi is further referred to in the paper as a unique feminine eulogy that might have been written in her honour during her palmy days as a goddess of war with combined energy of all gods. It was also emphasized in the paper that the ultimate paying of homage to the divine couple by the members of Khaba dynasty as lower functionaries might be the seminal source of traditional Laiharaoba festival in its original form as annual appeasement of gods.

Published Paper   E-Certificate

Dr. R.K. Nirmola Sana (April-2023). The Female Divinity of Panthoibi in Panthoibi Khongul. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 8(4), a303-a310. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2304038.pdf

Volume 8 Issue 4, April-2023

Pages : a303-a310

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_189927

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2304038

Downloads: 000122001

Research Area: Social Science and Humanities 

Country: Cachar, Assam, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2304038.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2304038

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator

Publisher: IJNRD (IJ Publication) Janvi Wave | IJNRD.ORG | IJNRD.COM | IJPUB.ORG

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License and The Open Definition

Call For Paper - Volume 10 | Issue 10 | October 2025

IJNRD is a Scholarly Open Access, Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journal with a High Impact Factor of 8.76 (calculated by Google Scholar & Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool). It is a Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Low-Cost Journal that follows UGC CARE 2025 Peer-Reviewed Journal Policy norms, Scopus journal standards, and Transparent Peer Review practices to ensure quality and credibility. IJNRD provides indexing in all major databases & metadata repositories, a citation generator, and Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for every published article with full open-access visibility.

The INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJNRD) aims to advance applied, theoretical, and experimental research across diverse fields. Its goal is to promote global scientific information exchange among researchers, developers, engineers, academicians, and practitioners. IJNRD serves as a platform where educators and professionals can share research evidence, models of best practice, and innovative ideas, contributing to academic growth and industry relevance.

Indexing Coverage includes Google Scholar, SSRN, ResearcherID-Publons, Semantic Scholar (AI-Powered Research Tool), Microsoft Academic, Academia.edu, arXiv.org, ResearchGate, CiteSeerX, ResearcherID (Thomson Reuters), Mendeley, DocStoc, ISSUU, Scribd, and many more recognized academic repositories.

How to submit the paper?

By Our website

Click Here to Submit Paper Online

By Mail

Send your paper to editor@ijnrd.org

Important Dates for Current issue

Paper Submission Open For: October 2025

Current Issue: Volume 10 | Issue 10 | October 2025

Impact Factor: 8.76

Last Date for Paper Submission: Till 31-Oct-2025

Notification of Review Result: Within 1-2 Days after Submitting paper.

Publication of Paper: Within 01-02 Days after Submititng documents.

Frequency: Monthly (12 issue Annually).

Journal Type: IJNRD is an International Peer-reviewed, Refereed, and Open Access Journal with Transparent Peer Review as per the new UGC CARE 2025 guidelines, offering low-cost multidisciplinary publication with Crossref DOI and global indexing.

Subject Category: Research Area

Call for Paper: More Details