LETTERS OF CREDIT CHALLENGES & FINANCIAL LOSS FACED BY EXPORTERS IN THE FORM OF DOCUMENTARY DISCREPANCIES

Registration ID: IJNRD_186774

Published ID: IJNRD2301334

DOI: http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.32845

Apeksha Garg

Documentary letters of credit, fraud, international trade, risk management, LC discrepancies, Beneficiary, Applicant.

Abstract— There is no doubt about the risky nature of international trade. Such risk can be conceptualized as country risk, transportation risk, customer risk, etc. Documentary Letters of Credit (LC) have been used as a payment method in international business for many centuries to reduce the risk of the trade, primarily when parties are located in different countries and do not have precise information about the financial standing of each other. In such occasions, LC will reduce the risk of a trade by shifting payment obligation from the buyer to the bank as a legal entity in return for the presentation of complying documents with terms of credit by the seller. Familiarity with the legal nature and different legal frameworks which govern the international operation of documentary letters of credit can facilitate the process of international trade for business people and boost national economies. However, a lack of knowledge about them can impose huge losses on international traders. The situation will be more complicated when we understand that many internationally recognized legal frameworks can affect the operation of LC. They are frequently updated to address technological and economic developments in the global market. In this paper, the author tries to address issues associated with documentary LC.

Published Paper   E-Certificate

Apeksha Garg (January-2023). LETTERS OF CREDIT CHALLENGES & FINANCIAL LOSS FACED BY EXPORTERS IN THE FORM OF DOCUMENTARY DISCREPANCIES. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 8(1), d303-d309. http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.32845

Volume 8 Issue 1, January-2023

Pages : d303-d309

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_186774

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2301334

Downloads: 000121998

Research Area: Management

Country: Indore, Indore, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2301334.pdf

Published Paper URL: https://ijnrd.org/viewpaperforall?paper=IJNRD2301334

Crossref DOI: http://doi.one/10.1729/Journal.32845

Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

ISSN: 2456-4184 | IMPACT FACTOR: 8.76 Calculated By Google Scholar | ESTD YEAR: 2016

An International Scholarly Open Access Journal, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed Journal Impact Factor 8.76 Calculate by Google Scholar and Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool, Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Multilanguage Journal Indexing in All Major Database & Metadata, Citation Generator

Publisher: IJNRD (IJ Publication) Janvi Wave | IJNRD.ORG | IJNRD.COM | IJPUB.ORG

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License and The Open Definition

Call For Paper - Volume 10 | Issue 10 | October 2025

IJNRD is a Scholarly Open Access, Peer-reviewed, and Refereed Journal with a High Impact Factor of 8.76 (calculated by Google Scholar & Semantic Scholar | AI-Powered Research Tool). It is a Multidisciplinary, Monthly, Low-Cost Journal that follows UGC CARE 2025 Peer-Reviewed Journal Policy norms, Scopus journal standards, and Transparent Peer Review practices to ensure quality and credibility. IJNRD provides indexing in all major databases & metadata repositories, a citation generator, and Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for every published article with full open-access visibility.

The INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJNRD) aims to advance applied, theoretical, and experimental research across diverse fields. Its goal is to promote global scientific information exchange among researchers, developers, engineers, academicians, and practitioners. IJNRD serves as a platform where educators and professionals can share research evidence, models of best practice, and innovative ideas, contributing to academic growth and industry relevance.

Indexing Coverage includes Google Scholar, SSRN, ResearcherID-Publons, Semantic Scholar (AI-Powered Research Tool), Microsoft Academic, Academia.edu, arXiv.org, ResearchGate, CiteSeerX, ResearcherID (Thomson Reuters), Mendeley, DocStoc, ISSUU, Scribd, and many more recognized academic repositories.

How to submit the paper?

Important Dates for Current issue

Paper Submission Open For: October 2025

Current Issue: Volume 10 | Issue 10 | October 2025

Impact Factor: 8.76

Last Date for Paper Submission: Till 31-Oct-2025

Notification of Review Result: Within 1-2 Days after Submitting paper.

Publication of Paper: Within 01-02 Days after Submititng documents.

Frequency: Monthly (12 issue Annually).

Journal Type: IJNRD is an International Peer-reviewed, Refereed, and Open Access Journal with Transparent Peer Review as per the new UGC CARE 2025 guidelines, offering low-cost multidisciplinary publication with Crossref DOI and global indexing.

Subject Category: Research Area

Call for Paper: More Details