Assessment of Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and Impact of Sediment in Ghaghara River of Saran (Chapra) District of Bihar

Registration ID: IJNRD_182637

Published ID: IJNRD2208157

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Sarvesh Kumar Diwakar , Dr. Udai Arvind , Dr. Subhash Prasad Singh , Dr. C.M. Singh

sedimentation, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pre-monsoon, post-monsoon, Ghaghara River.

There is a serious problem of sedimentation in the rivers of India. This sedimentation in rivers is a major problem for various reservoirs, irrigation systems and hydroelectric projects. Due to sedimentation, reducing the average height of India at the rate of 22 mm per century, which changes its course every year due to deposition of sediments in the river course. Scientists believe that about 800 million tons of silts are transported into the sea every year by the world's major rivers (the total area of ​​​​alluvium is 104 million square kilo meters). About 30 percent of it is in the form of dissolved chemicals. Scientists estimate that on an average 80 tonnes of debris flows through one square kilo meter area of ​​the river basin every year. Every year, about 1963 lakh hectare meter of water flows in Indian rivers. Due to the accumulation of sediment and silt in the Ghaghara river, the stream of the river is moving away from the city of Chapra. There is no water in it for years. That's why we thought it's necessary to study. The Ghaghara River is known by many names. It is known as Karnali river in Nepal, Ghaghara river in India. In Uttar Pradesh Ghaghara River is also known as Sarayu River while in Bihar it is known as Ghaghara river. The length of Ghaghara River in Chapra district is about 41 km. After testing various water samples, the value of Turbidity, EC, TDS, TH, Ca, Mg, CI-, Alkalinity Fe, NO3-, SO42- and F- was found to be 2.69 NTU, 349.56 µmho/cm, 227.09 ppm, 179.11 ppm, 34.02 ppm, 22.51 ppm, 13.21 ppm, 180.42 ppm, 0.46 ppm, 0.05 ppm, 18.47 ppm, 0.19 ppm respectively in pre-monsoon and 14.87 NTU, 219.18 µmho/cm, 142.29 ppm, 90.58 ppm, 23.15 ppm, 8.11 ppm, 12.01 ppm, 117.07 ppm, 1.45 ppm, 2.57 ppm, 28.33 ppm 0.16 ppm respectively in post-monsoon. The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of the water samples at different locations was founded to be in the range of 224 ppm to 230 ppm with an average of 227.09 ppm and median of 227.0 ppm during pre-monsoon and the range of 139.0 ppm to 148.0 ppm with average of 142.29 ppm and median of 141.0 ppm in post-monsoon. The average level of TDS in pre-monsoon is 227.09 ppm and post-monsoon is 142.29 ppm. High TDS content in pre monsoon and low TDS content in post monsoon prove that the soluble and insoluble substances mixed in water are not natural but mixed by humans or due to any other external sources. It is expected from the government that continuous survey of river basins is necessary. To tackle this problem of sedimentation, it is necessary to implement soil conservation measures and dam operated projects. There is a need to run watershed management program on Ghaghara river in a systematic manner. There is a need to manage from a scientific point of view to analyze and solve the cause of origin of sediments.

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Sarvesh Kumar Diwakar , Dr. Udai Arvind , Dr. Subhash Prasad Singh , & Dr. C.M. Singh (August-2022). Assessment of Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and Impact of Sediment in Ghaghara River of Saran (Chapra) District of Bihar. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 7(8), 1405-1409. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2208157.pdf

Volume 7 Issue 8, August-2022

Pages : 1405-1409

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_182637

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2208157

Downloads: 000121989

Research Area: Chemistry

Country: District: Vaishali, Bihar, India

Published Paper PDF: https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2208157.pdf

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Journal Name: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT(IJNRD)

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