Tuberculosis and Its Treatment: A Review

Registration ID: IJNRD_180612

Published ID: IJNRD2203020

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Ragini Dilip Patil, Sanket Sudam Tarle, Harshal Rajendra Tote, Shivani Sudam Sonawane

Tuberculosis and Its Treatment: A Review

Tuberculosis (TB) is a granulomatous infectious illness caused by gram-positive, acid-fast bacteria belonging to the Mycobacterium genus. Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis in humans, which primarily affects the lungs and causes pulmonary tuberculosis. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis can damage the colon, meninges, bones, joints, lymph nodes, skin, and other bodily parts. Human tuberculosis is spread mostly by droplet infection and nuclei. Human infection with M. avium and M. africanum is quite rare. M. microti is not known to cause tuberculosis in humans, but M. bovis has a wider range of hosts. M. bovis can infect humans through milk and milk products, as well as meat from an infected animal. Bovine tuberculosis is thought to be responsible for up to 10% of human tuberculosis in some underdeveloped nations. More over 2 million people die each year from tuberculosis, and the death toll is rising due to the advent of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In terms of incidence, the South East Asia Region accounts for 39% of the global TB burden. Approximately 3.4 million new cases of tuberculosis are projected to be diagnosed each year in this region, with the majority of infections occurring in India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Myanmar, and Thailand. Tuberculosis is both a social and a medical disease. It has also been referred to as a social welfare barometer. Poor quality of life, poor housing, overcrowding, population explosion, undernutrition, smoking, alcohol misuse, lack of education, large families, early marriages, and lack of information about the cause and transmission of tuberculosis are some of the social causes. These elements are interconnected and play a role in tuberculosis occurrence and transmission. Children are thought to account for about 10% of all tuberculosis cases.

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Ragini Dilip Patil, Sanket Sudam Tarle, Harshal Rajendra Tote, & Shivani Sudam Sonawane (March-2022). Tuberculosis and Its Treatment: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NOVEL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, 7(3), 189-204. https://ijnrd.org/papers/IJNRD2203020.pdf

Volume 7 Issue 3, March-2022

Pages : 189-204

Paper Reg. ID: IJNRD_180612

Published Paper Id: IJNRD2203020

Research Area: Engineering

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